Vaccinating a cat against distemper: when to do it, can a vaccinated animal get sick?

How vaccination against panleukopenia works When a kitten is vaccinated against panleukopenia What vaccines against feline distemper are used Complications after vaccination Distemper is the colloquial name for one of the most dangerous infectious diseases for kittens - panleukopenia. The term “plague” itself is translated as “infection,” and nowadays it usually means any disease with a high probability of death and high contagiousness - that is, a high degree of contagiousness for healthy cats.

Feline panleukopenia (infectious parvovirus enteritis) is a viral disease. The virus is very stable in the external environment, highly contagious (an extremely small number of viral particles upon contact can cause infection); a very large part of the population of stray cats are carriers of this virus. The clinic often finds cats with panleukopenia that have never left the apartment or met other animals - the owner can bring the virus with them on their shoes along with street dirt. Vaccination of kittens and cats against distemper (we use this term in the article as it is more familiar to owners, but we explain the correct name of the disease) is the only reliable way to prevent this disease.

Panleukopenia: a danger for domestic cats

Feline distemper is a disease caused by a virus (Virus panleukopenia feline). The disease affects the internal organs of the animal. The first signs of damage: fever, vomiting, diarrhea. The animal refuses to eat, hides from the owner, and goes to a secluded place.

Even if your pet does not go outside, it must be vaccinated. The source of infection can be other pets, blood-sucking insects, such as fleas. A sick pregnant cat can infect her kittens in utero.

Symptoms in acute course of the disease:

high temperature up to +40Сᵒ;
yellow or green vomit;
dark, almost orange urine;
liquid, foul-smelling stool mixed with blood;
blue discoloration of the animal's oral mucosa;
the appearance of purulent formations around the eyes;
congestion (swelling) of the nasal mucosa.

A course of the disease may occur in which the animal experiences only mild discomfort. Pathology can be detected by doing a blood test.

If a cat survives infection for 3 days, then its immunity has coped with the virus, but it poses a danger to other animals, as it is a carrier of the infection.

In kittens and old animals, the disease has a hyperacute course, in which death occurs a few days after infection.

Is it necessary to do

Even domestic cats that do not go outside must be vaccinated.

The panleukopenia virus is tenacious and easily transmitted . The owner can bring it from the street on his shoes, entering into the vomit or feces of an infected animal.

This disease is not dangerous for humans, but a pet is 100% likely to become infected.

The disease has a complex course and high mortality, especially among kittens and old cats.

Treating the disease is difficult and expensive. Vaccination against panleukopenia is the only way to protect your pet from severe disease.

An unvaccinated animal cannot be taken with you on a trip or taken outside the country. This is another argument in favor of vaccinations.

Optimal timing of vaccination

For the first 4–8 weeks, kittens have reliable immunity from mother’s milk and are not susceptible to disease. At about 2–3 months they can receive their first vaccinations, including against distemper. A month later, vaccination is repeated.

Before the procedure, the veterinarian needs to make sure that the animal is healthy. To do this, an external examination is performed and clinical blood tests are taken. After this, the kitten is injected with the vaccine subcutaneously at the withers.

After the procedure, the cat should not be allowed outside for a month or have contact with other animals to avoid infection.

How and when do they do it?

It is allowed to administer the vaccine into the withers area of the animal.
According to the official instructions, the liquid component of the vaccine is injected into a bottle with a powdery substance using a syringe. Then shake well so that the dry component dissolves and draw the finished solution back into the syringe. The needle insertion site is wiped with alcohol or another disinfectant. The distemper injection is administered intramuscularly from the inside of the thigh, but it can also be injected between the shoulder blades or under the skin in the withers area. After the injection, the injection site is massaged for a few seconds. Vaccinations against distemper for cats are done after the animal reaches 2 months of age and is repeated after 30 days, unlike dogs, for example, a shepherd dog is given the first immunization at 3 months, and then again a year.

Modern drugs

Complex vaccines against several diseases are used (serum against panleukopenia, viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus infection). These drugs include:

Bioveta vaccine (Biofel PCHR), additionally contains an anti-rabies drug:
Felocel 4 (Zoetis Felocell 4);
Nobivak Trikat (Intervet Trikat);
Purevax (Merial PureVax RCPCH);
Narvak Globefel;
Feligen CRP (Virbak Feligen CRP);
Fort Dodge Felovax IV + CalciMax;
Merial Quadricat.

All domestic cats are at risk, especially kittens and older animals. Vaccination with a complex drug at an early age allows you to avoid infection with diseases that are dangerous for cats, including panleukopenia.

Vaccination is carried out only in a veterinary clinic. Before vaccination, the animal must undergo a course of deworming - this will allow the drug to fully affect the pet’s immunity.

Approximate cost of drugs

Prices for complex vaccines can range from 200 to 1000 rubles. depending on the manufacturer and composition of the product.

Cost of individual drugs:

vaccine Biofel PCHR (Czech Republic) – 200 rubles;
Pfizer Felocell vaccine 4 – 300 rubles;
Nobivac Tricat – 350 rubles;
Vaccine Narvak Globfel – 500 rubles;
Feligen CRP – 400 rub.

To this price you must add the cost of tests and medical services from a veterinary clinic.

What to do after vaccination and some tips

After vaccinations, monitor your pet's condition. As a rule, if the animal is healthy, vaccinations are tolerated without any complications. In order for immunization to be successful, it makes sense to arrange a quarantine - do not let cats go for walks for three weeks and do not allow them to contact other animals, especially unvaccinated ones.

An adult cat can receive two vaccinations at the same time - a complex one against calicivirus, rhinotracheitis and panleukopenia and a monovaccine against rabies. The only thing is that the first one needs to be inserted into the withers, the second into the muscle. It is prohibited to administer both vaccines at the same time in one place.

The cat is resting

In order to remember the date of administration of the vaccine, peel off the stickers with the name of the vaccine from the ampoules - such peel-off stickers are provided by the manufacturer. And paste it into the animal’s passport. And also indicate the date of vaccination - date and year. This way you will always know when your cat needs a booster vaccination.

Personally, I recommend that the first vaccination be carried out in a clinic, since the kitten is vaccinated in two stages and at the same time you can monitor the pet’s well-being. Plus, learn from veterinarians how to vaccinate.

And try to use the same vaccines. If your pet tolerates the vaccination well, there is no point in changing the manufacturer.

And that’s all for today – health to your four-legged ones.

You should not vaccinate a sick or recently ill animal. If the cat is sick, we wait until he gets better and after recovery another 2-4 weeks, depending on the diagnosis. After suffering from panleukopenia, my cat was allowed to get vaccinated a month after receiving good test results.
You cannot vaccinate if your cat has worms or other parasites. This is why deworming is carried out. If the animal has worms, the vaccination will simply have a worse effect and immunity may not develop.
Individual intolerance.

Every owner wants his beloved cat to feel good and live a happy life in comfortable conditions. To do this, pets are carefully looked after - regularly fed, provided with a place to play, rest, relieve themselves, and undergo hygiene procedures. But one of the most important stages of owner care is health care, in particular, timely preventive vaccination. Distemper is one of the most dangerous viral diseases for cats, so a vaccine against it must be administered to the animal regularly.

Where can I get my cat vaccinated?

You can get an injection for panleukopenia at the state veterinary clinic at your place of residence or go to any private veterinary hospital. For small kittens with weakened immune systems, it is advisable to call a veterinarian at home.

It is not safe for an animal to travel on public transport or be outside without vaccination.

The clinic offers several drugs to choose from, and the veterinarian talks about the pros and cons of each of them.

It is recommended to be vaccinated with complex vaccines against several dangerous infectious diseases at once.

Popular distemper vaccines for cats

There is a list of drugs that are used most often by veterinarians - these are popular vaccines that are highly effective. The most popular are:

Feligen CRP is a French-made vaccine that protects against plague, rhinotracheitis and calicivirus

Quadricat is a live vaccine against panleukopenia, calicivirus, herpesvirus infection and rabies in cats, produced by Merial, France. Average cost - 600 rubles;

Quadricat is a vaccine for cats that forms immunity to four diseases of a viral nature (distemper, calicivirus, herpes and rabies)

Felocel CVR is a live vaccine against rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and panleukopenia, dry with a solvent. Manufactured by Zoetis LLC, USA. The price of one dose is 350 rubles;

Felocel CVR is a live vaccine against calicivirus infection, panleukopenia and rhinotracheitis in cats.

Multifel-4 is a multicomponent drug for the prevention of distemper, calicivirus, rhinotracheitis and chlamydia in cats. , Russia. The average price of a vaccine is 300 rubles.

Multifel-4 is a Russian-made complex vaccine that protects cats from rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, distemper and chlamydia

The toxicity of each of the popular drugs is low, and the immunity generated is estimated to be stable for one year after vaccination. The main difference in the drugs is only in the manufacturer and the set of viruses.

Vaccination validity period

An adult animal is susceptible to viral diseases throughout its life. The vaccine protects the cat's immunity from panleukopenia (distemper) for up to 12 months.

After this time (but not later than 13 months), re-vaccination is necessary. Domestic cats should be vaccinated against distemper annually.

Revaccination

Kittens are given the first injection at the age of 2–3 months. This is the so-called introductory vaccine. It prepares the immune system to fight dangerous viruses.

After 2-3 weeks, revaccination is done and the result is consolidated. After the second vaccination, the body develops lasting immunity to the disease. The validity period of the drug is 1 year.

Adult animals are re-administered the vaccine after 1, 3 or 7 years, depending on the drug. But this does not apply to all diseases. For some types of viruses, annual booster vaccination is required.

Repeated immunization is carried out after consultation with a veterinarian.

Instructions for use Multifela-4

The single dose of the drug required for vaccination does not depend on the biological characteristics of the cat: breed, gender, age, body weight. The standard volume is 1 ml. Kittens that have reached the age of 8-12 weeks are subject to primary vaccination. The Multifel-4 vaccine is re-administered after 20-30 days.

2 weeks after the booster shot, the young cat develops an immune response to all four infections. Revaccination is prescribed to the pet when it reaches 10-12 months. The effect of the vaccine is prolonged up to one year. To maintain the effect of vaccination, it is important to adhere to the cat’s vaccination schedule, without exceeding the prescribed interval between administrations of the immune agent.

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If the vaccine, after opening the ampoule, has not been used for vaccination within 1.5-2 hours, then it is rejected and disposed of. The liquid is neutralized by heating for 15 minutes. Veterinarians also do not use drugs that have changed color or have insoluble inclusions.

Multifel-4 that has been frozen or heated cannot be used

How and where to inject

According to the instructions for use, Multifel-4 is administered into the body by intramuscular injection. First, the ampoule with the vaccine cooled in the refrigerator is heated in the hand or in a water bath to a temperature of 36-38 degrees. Shake the bottle and draw the solution into a disposable syringe. To do this, remove the circle on the aluminum protective cap and pierce the rubber stopper with a needle. The air is released from the syringe.

The cat is placed on its side. It is more convenient for two people to give the injection, so that an assistant holds the pet during the administration of the drug. The needle is inserted approximately 1 cm at an angle of 45 degrees to the surface of the body, and it is removed at the same angle. The injection site is not wiped with anything. When vaccinating, a separate syringe must be used for each cat.

Restrictions in the post-vaccination period

After vaccination, the cat should be kept at home. She must be protected from contact with other animals, including domestic ones.

The cat's immunity is weakened during the post-vaccination period.

In the room where the animal is located at this time, it is necessary to carry out a thorough wet cleaning, disinfect the floor, and maintain a comfortable air temperature. The animal must not be allowed to become hypothermic .

Can a vaccinated cat get sick?

A cat can get sick after vaccination if the vaccine was administered to an already infected animal. The incubation period of a viral infection ranges from 3 to 10 days. At this time, clinical symptoms of the disease do not appear.

Before using the vaccine, it is important to conduct a full examination of the animal to identify hidden infections.

Cats vaccinated with uncertified drugs can become infected with distemper. Before immunization, you should ask your veterinarian for a certificate for the vaccine being administered.

The drug must be approved and registered in Russia by the regulatory veterinary service.

If the animal has not been dewormed twice before vaccination, it may become infected with distemper.

The procedure is carried out 10–12 days before vaccination . This helps strengthen the animal's immunity.

Parasites release toxins that weaken the body. The immune system of a kitten infected with worms is not able to fully produce antibodies to fight the viral infection.

What could be the consequences?

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Consequences of plague

Side effects after vaccination

If all vaccination conditions are met, the number of side effects after the procedure is less than 1%.

Possible reaction to the vaccine:

allergy to the drug;
individual intolerance;
inflammation of the injection site;
vomiting, lethargy.

To prevent side effects from appearing on the road or at home, it is necessary to stay in the clinic for about half an hour after vaccination; after this period, you can judge the condition of the animal.

Contraindications to vaccination

There are a number of contraindications to vaccinating cats that must be taken into account in order not to harm the health of the animal:

cat pregnancy, lactation period;
change of teeth in kittens;
lethargy, fever;
the presence of worms, ticks, fleas;
period of adaptation to a new place, stress;
antibiotic therapy;
before and postoperative period.

Before administering the vaccine, the veterinarian measures the animal’s body temperature, looks at its behavior, the condition of its mucous membranes, and prescribes a blood test.